Envoys from 190 countries gathered in Paris in Nov to Dec 2015 to attend United Nations Climate Change Conference (UN COP21).
Over 140 countries out of the 190 participating countries had filed their contributions – setting either five-year or 10-year emissions targets for themselves.
Climate Action Tracker (CAT), a joint project by four European institutions, showed that : If all nations implement targets they pledged, the world’s temperature will still rise by 2.7 Deg C (above pre-industrial time) by 2100.
That is lower than the 3.1 deg C that they forecast in Dec 2014 and the first time that their prediction has dipped below 3 deg C.
CAT found that: To limit the temp to 2 Deg C, annual Green House gas emission would have to be 11 billion to 13 billion tonnes lower in 2025 than those pledged, and 15 billion to 17 billion tonnes lower by 2030.
[ The world currently emits about 50 billion tonnes of CO2 per year.]
Other research organizations also gave their forecast of the temperature increase by 2100. Climate Interactive researchers predicted warming of 3.5 deg C by 2100, given current pledges and International Energy Agency predicted that temperatures were likely to rise by 2.6 deg C by 2100, and by 3.5 deg C a century later.
To limit temperature to a 2 Deg increase, United Nations IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) recommends:
- To cut GHG emission by 40% to 70% by 2050 from 2010 levels and
- To cut GHG emission to near zero or below by 2100.
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The world have to cut GHG emission by 40% to 70% in 2050, and cut ALL GHG emissions by 2100 to keep the world within a 2 Deg C increase.
Straits Times “Emissions pledges take world closer to temperature goal”: (Oct 2015)
http://www.straitstimes.com/world/emissions-pledges-take-world-closer-to-temperature-goal
At UN COP21, some countries in Asia and Africa want to set a more stringent goal of limiting the temperature increase to 1.5 Deg C. The 1.5 Deg goal would require the world to have ZERO emissions sometime between 2030 and 2050! (instead of by 2100 as recommended by the IPCC.)
Although the current emission pledges are not enough to limit the temperature raise to a 2 Deg C (safe zone), it shows a global effort towards limiting the green house gas emissions to reduce the impact of climate change on the planet.